Week 3

Protein Sources

Liquid Supplements

Text Transcript

Follow along with the audio...

• Liquid by-products of sugar, paper, and cheese production and fermentation combined with nutritive and nonnutritive additives
• Functions
• Macronutrients
• Carrier for micronutrients and nonnutritive additives
• Improve palatability
• Reduce dustiness of feed
• Use
• Established for beef cattle
• Increasing for dairy cattle
• Lesser for sheep and horses
• Distribution
• Individual feeders
• Injected to low-quality forages
• Added to complete feeds
• Added to top-dress feeds
• Formulation
• Based on consumption
• Fixed or variable
• Variable
• Varies animal to animal and with environmental and physiological conditions
• Regulating consumption
• Customization
• Considerations
• Specialized mixing and transportation equipment and storage facilities
• Liquid supplements – energy sources
• Molasses-based with added liquids and solids
• Additional sources include hemicellulose extract, lignin sulfonate, and grain, whey, and brewer's and distiller's, and lipid-based products, streptomyces solubles, and propylene glycol
• Liquid supplements – nitrogen sources
• CP 30-35%; Up to 80% CP
• Rumen undegradable protein
• Urea
• Additional include ammonium lignin sulfonate, and whey, corn, beet, molasses, brewer's, and fish-based products
• Preformed proteins to improve performance of animals fed low-quality forages
• Additional nutritive additives
• Phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, sodium, and chlorine-based compounds
• Microminerals
• Vitamins A, D, and E
• Nonnutritive additives
• Antibiotics, ionophores, hormones, antioxidants, ethanol, and flavoring agents
• Emulsifiers and suspending agents
• Emulsifiers
• Promote equal distribution of one liquid within another
• Suspending agents
• Promote equal distribution of solid in liquid
• Pumpable dry supplements