Week 2

High-Energy Feedstuffs

High-Carbohydrate Liquid Feeds

Text Transcript

Time: 5.24

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• Molasses
• Cane and beet molasses
• Primary
• By-products of sugar production
• Sources – sugarcane and sugar beets
• Similar nutritional value
• Lesser sources
• By-products of citrus fruit, starch, and wood production
• Citrus molasses
• Unpalatable
• Wood molasses
• Do not feed to nonruminants
• Liquid
• Thick, black solution
• Cost-effective energy source
• Dried
• Figure 5.5 – Dried molasses



• Not cost-effective
• Quality
• Dependent on sugar content
• Expressed as degrees Brix
• Table 5.1 – Minimum sugar and Brix requirements for cane, beet, citrus, and starch molasses

Table 5.1 - Molasses Standards

Molasses Type	Minimum Sugars, %	Minimum Density, Brix
Cane	43	79.5
Beet	48	79.5
Citrus	45	71
Starch	50	73*
*Total solids

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Nutritional value
• Varies
• Good energy source
• High in sugars
• Low protein
• Good source of macro and microminerals
• Especially K, Ca, Cl, and sulfate salts
• Milling and feeding characteristics
• Aid in pelleting
• Reduce dust
• Carrier
• Example – molasses-urea blocks for ruminants
• Palatable
• Feeding livestock
• Rate
• Optimal - 10%
• For poultry, maximum 5%
• Inclusion
• Mixed
• Pellet
• Free-choice
• Blocks
• Feeder
• Figure 5.6 – Beef cattle consuming free-choice molasses

  

• Liquid milk by-products
• By-products of cheese production and/or products of whey
• Fresh, acid, condensed, and dehydrated (dried) whey
• Whey
• Figure 5.7 – Liquid whey



• Liquid portion remaining after cheese production
• Consists of majority of water, lactose, minerals, and water-soluble proteins of milk
• Liquid whey
• Low nutritional value
• Dry matter - 4-7%
• Condensed whey
• Higher nutritional value
• Dry matter at 40-50%
• Of the DM, 10-13% CP and 55-70% lactose
• Fed to cattle, pigs, and poultry
• Dehydrated whey
• Higher nutritional value
• Dry matter – greater than 90%
• Figure 5.8 – Dried whey



• Also fed to cattle, pigs, and poultry
• Cost
• Original cost
• Transportation cost
• Spoilage of liquid and condensed
• Products used similar to condensed whey
• Condensed whey solubles
• Condensed whey product
• Additional high-carbohydrate liquid feeds
• Condensed soybean solubles
• 6-7% CP
• 57% total soluble carbohydrates
• Liquefied corn product
• 8-9% CP
• Minimum 30% solids
• Lower carbohydrate liquid feeds
• Extracted streptomyces solubles, condensed molasses solubles, and citrus condensed molasses solubles