Week 2

High-Energy Feedstuffs

Rye

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• In U.S., not important cereal grain
• Hardiest cereal grain
• Cold temperatures
• Poor soils
• Short growing seasons
• Figure 4.19 – Head of rye grain



• Figure 4.20 – Rye grain



• Nutritional value
• Table 4.7 – Average nutrient composition of rye

Table 4.7 - Average Nutrient Composition of Rye

Nutrient	Average Composition, %
Crude protein	13.4
Ether extract	1.8
Crude fiber	2.6
Ash	2.1
NFE	80.1
Starch	63.8

 

• Nutrients – similar to wheat
• Production results – dissimilar to wheat
• Deleterious factors
• Ergot infection
• Figure 4.21– Ergot on a cereal grain



• Fungus
• Produces ergot alkaloids
• Effects on animals – gangrene, reduced reproduction efficiency, reduced gain and efficiency, and neurological disorders
• Rye more susceptible than wheat
• Alkyl resorcinols
• Phenolic compounds
• Reduce intake
• Pectins and pectosans
• Primarily monogastrics
• Feeding livestock
• Relatively unpalatable
• For poultry, typically not fed
• For swine, fed to young
• For cattle
• Limit amount fed
• Amount depends on class of animal